Iran is a country in the Middle East with over 1,648,000 square kilometers of land bordering the Caspian Sea to the north and the Persian Gulf and the Sea of Oman to the south. The country extends from the eastern longitude of 44° and 13'nosupersub to 63° and 20'nosupersub, down to the latitudinal south of 25° to 39o and 47'. Iran has a rich history and culture with deep rooted and respectable traditions. Iran's valuable literature and endeavors in the arts, science and medicine made it the cradle of the past civilizations.